| Sound | Tongue | Lips | Jaw | Teeth | Air | Vocal Chords |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /ˈ/ | ||||||
| /ʤ/ | Raise the middle part of your tongue towards the hard palate, which is the bony ridge in the roof of your mouth, just behind your front teeth. At the same time, lower the back of your tongue towards the floor of your mouth. | Keep your lips relaxed and slightly open. | Keep your jaw slightly open and relaxed. | Keep your teeth slightly apart. | Build up some pressure behind your tongue by briefly stopping the airflow with the tip of your tongue against the hard palate. Then, release the air by quickly pulling your tongue back from the hard palate. | Start vibrating your vocal cords just as you release the burst of air. This produces a voiced sound. |
| /w/ | The back of the tongue reaches up high in the back. It does not touch the soft palate. The front part of the tongue remains forward. It touches the bottom front teeth. | The lips form a rounded shape. They move away from the face. | The vocal cords vibrate. | |||
| /ɑ/ | The tongue is flat and low in the mouth. The tongue is in the center of the mouth. The tip of the tongue touches the back of the bottom front teeth. | The lips remain relaxed in a neutral position. | The jaw drops, opening the mouth as wide as possible. | The vocal cords vibrate. | ||
| /n/ | Your tongue is against the ridge behind the top teeth. | The air flows through the nose. | The vocal cords vibrate. |